Nature Communications Umbrella Review of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: 123 Meta-Analyses Covering 464 Outcomes Across 5,617 Articles
A Nature Communications umbrella review by Kong, Zhao, Zhang and colleagues synthesized 123 meta-analyses covering 464 outcomes from 5,617 articles to comprehensively assess GLP-1 receptor agonist effectiveness and adverse events across diverse outcomes. Outcomes were grouped into seven categories: endocrine and metabolic, cardiovascular, cancer, renal, respiratory, mortality and adverse events, and other. The review documented improvements in metabolic, cardiovascular, renal, and respiratory outcomes plus cognitive function, with potential reductions in fracture risk and all-cause mortality in selected populations. Increased risks were observed for diabetic retinopathy, ketoacidosis, gastrointestinal events, and treatment discontinuation — useful evidence-summary input for ECO 2026 in Istanbul (May 12–15) and the prevention-trial proposal that 21 obesity-and-cancer experts will present there.